tamsirt 10
Les cours
Agemmay n tmaziɣt yesɛa 32 isekkilen; yewwi-d yakk isekkilen-is si tlatinit ḥaca “ɣ” d “ɛ” i d-yekkan si tegrigit.
02. Tamsertit
Tamsertit tettili mi ara d mlilen sin imesla. Yiwen ger sin-nni ikeccem deg wayeḍ, ttaken-d s umata imesli ussid.
03. Isem
Isem amaziɣ yesɛa: asmil, tawsit, amḍan akk d waddad.
04. Amyag
Amyag d aferdis d-yesskanayen tigawt nexdem, taɣara neɣ addad n kra tɣawsa. Amyag yebḍa ɣef sin isufar : amyag amagnu d wemyag n tɣara.
Imqimen udmawanen bḍan ɣef sin yeḥricen : imqimen udmawanen ilelliyen d yemqimen udmawanen iwṣilen.
06. Arbib
Arbib d awal i d-yeskanayen ayla, taɣara, neɣ kra n ṣṣifa yellan deg yisem. Tigti n yerbiben ttusilɣen seg yemyagen n tɣara, imi d ineggura-agi i d-yeskanayen taɣara n tɣawsa.
07. Amernu
Amernu d awal yellan d armeskil. D awal yettbeddilen anamek n wemyag neɣ n yisem.
08. Amḍan
Anagar sin yismawen imezwura, nesseqdac ismawen n wemḍan i d-yekkan si taɛrabt. Ma yella d ismawen n tmaziɣt, ttwaseqdacen kan di kran n waẓiyen am Itergiyen, Icelḥiyen, Imẓabiyen...
09. Imeskanen
Nesseqdac-iten i wakken a d-nesken neɣ a nwehhi ɣer kra n tɣawsa.
Présentatifs, irbuda, imattaren...
Encore plus...
Ici une liste, non exhaustive, de sites sur différentes thématiques du domaine berbère.
Présentatifs
Nesseqdac awal aql d ha/a, aql tettusexdam i wudem 1ru d wis 2 (asuf d wesget), ma yella ha yettusseqdac d wudem wis 3 (asuf d weget). Les présentatifs nesseqdac-iten s yewṣilen usriden n wemyag (wali tamsirt : Imqimen udmawanen)
| udem | présentatif | |
|---|---|---|
| asuf | 1ru | aql-i, -iyi |
| wis 2 ml. | aql-ak, -ik | |
| wis 2 nt. | aql-akem, -ikem | |
| wis 3 ml. | ha-t | |
| wis 3 nt. | ha-tt | |
| asget | 1ru | aql-aɣ |
| wis 2 ml. | aql-aken, -iken | |
| wis 2 nt. | aql-akent, -ikent | |
| wis 3 ml. | ha-ten | |
| wis 3 nt. | ha-tent |
Nesseqdac tizelɣiwin n tnila id d in d wudem 1ru d wis 2, i wakken a d-nesken lqerb neɣ lbeɛd n tɣawsa uɣur nettwehhi. Ma yella udem wis 3, nesseqdac-as tizilɣiwin : a deg wasuf, i deg wesget; akken daɣen i nesseqdac tizelɣiwin n tnila: id d an.
Amedya
- aql-ik-id
- aql-akem-in
- ha-ten-i, ha-ten-id, ha-ten-aya
- ha-t-a, ha-t-aya
- ha-t-an
Irbuda (Indéfinis)
D awalen ur d–neskanay ara kra n tɣawsa ibanen, s lxilaf n imeskanen. Ayen yerzan ineggura-agi, taɣawsa i d-neskanay nessen-itt. Irubda am imeskanen sɛan daɣen : irubda ilelliyen (d imqimen) d irubda irbiben (yiwen i yellan)
Irubda irbiben :
Yiwen kan i yellan, d awal nniḍen, d arabdu arbib yellan d armeskil.
Amedya :
nettmeslay ɣef temsalt nniḍen (ur tban ara), mačči ɣef temsalt-nni (tban, tettwassen) n yiḍelli.
Irubda imqimen :
| arabdu | ||
|---|---|---|
| asuf | ml. | wayeḍ, win nniḍen |
| nt. | tayeḍ, tin nniḍen | |
| asget | ml. | wiyaḍ, wid nniḍen |
| nt. | tiyaḍ, tid nniḍen |
Irubda nniḍen :
albeɛḍ
ayennat
kra
kull, kul
winnat, tinnat
ay, i, a
ḥedd
yiwen, yiwet
medden
yal, yall
Imattaren (Interrogatifs)
anta
anwi
anti
wi
iwimi, umi, iwumi
s wacu
i wacu
deg wacu, seg wacu, ɣef wacu
wukud, ukud
acu, dacu
acimi, acuɣer, acuɣef, ayen, ayɣer
ɣef way deg
deg way deg
seg way deg
s way s
Imassaɣen (Relatifs)
Llan seg imattaren wid yettusseqdacen daɣen d imassaɣen : iwumi, s wacu, uɣur, ...
Ha-ten-id wiyaḍ :
| amassaɣ | amedya |
|---|---|
| i, ay | netta i t-yebdan |
| deg, ideg, deg way | axxam ideg yella, n uḍegga |
| s, is, s way | tareggeɣt s ways i t-yewwet meqqret |
| si, seg, iseg, seg way | taddart si d-yusa tebɛed |
| ɣef, iɣef, if, (ɣe)f way | iswi iɣef kkaten zemren a t-awḍen |
| ɣur | d xali-s wergaz ɣur yensa iḍelli |
| s nnig | |
| s ddaw | |
| ɣer, iɣer | ulay tagadeḍ, imdanen iɣer yerra d iḥbiben-nneɣ |
Tinzaɣ
| talɣa i nesseqdac d yisem | talɣa i nesseqdac d wemqim awṣil | amedya |
|---|---|---|
| d | yid- | ddiɣ d gma, ddiɣ yid-s |
| deg/g/di | deg- | lliɣ deg wexxam, lliɣ deg-s |
| s | yis- | ččiɣ s teflut, ččiɣ yis-s |
| ɣer/ar | ɣer- | truḥ ɣer yimawlan-is, truḥ ɣer-sen |
| s | - (ɣer) | yuɣal-d s axxam |
| ɣur | ɣur- | nsiɣ ɣur jeddi, nsiɣ ɣur-s |
| ɣef/f | fell- | nuli ɣef ṣṣur, nuli fell-as |
| ger | gar- | tekker ger Mennac d Ɛli, tekker gar-asen |
| seg/si/g | seg- | yuɣal-d si tmurt, yuɣad-d seg-s |
| ddaw/seddaw | ddaw-/seddaw- | iɛedda seddaw webrid, iɛedda seddaw-as |
| nnig/sennig | nnig-/sennig- | tekka sennig webrid, tekka seddaw-as |
| am | ur tettusseqdac ara d wemqim awṣil | teqqim am temɣart |
| i | ur tettusseqdac ara d wemqim awṣil | yefka akal i lǧameɛ |
| ar | - | ar azekka a d-iban lexbar-is |
| n | ur tettusseqdac ara d wemqim awṣil | d amdun n taddart |
| deffir/zdeffir | deffir-/zdeffir- | ffren deffir umadaɣ, ffren deffir-s |
| zdat | zdat- | yezwar zdat tqeḍɛit lmal, yezwar zdat-s |
Tamawt :
- Tamsertit yettilin ger tenzeɣt d yisem ur tt-nettaru ara.
amedya : [idrimen ggwergaz] nettaru : idrimen n wergaz - Isem deffir n tenzeɣt yettili deg waddad amaruz ḥaca tinzaɣ:
s,ar
amedya : lliɣ deg wexxam, iteddu s axxam, aql-i da ass-a d uzekka, arǧu ar azekka - Tinzaɣ ur ttwaqqanent ara ɣer yisem s ucuddu
Tizelɣiwin n tuqqna (Conjonctions de coordination)
| tazelɣa tuqqna | amedya |
|---|---|
| abeɛda | |
| ahat | ahat yewweḍ lawan-agi |
| ammar | |
| ardeqqal | a d-yini awal ardeqqal ad yuɣal deg-s |
| ardmani | |
| dɣa | dɣa mi t-iwala imiren i tecɛel deg-s tmess |
| daɣ, daɣen, diɣen | |
| daɣnetta | |
| (ḥ)qaḥqa | ruḥent ḥqaḥqa a d-aɣent, nutenti bɣant kan ad ffɣent |
| i | i temsalt-nni n Muḥ, amek ara tt-nefru ? |
| ihi | |
| ini | |
| la ... la | |
| ladɣa | |
| (la)meɛna | |
| meḥsub | |
| meqqar | kečč meqqar tesɛiḍ s wacu ara tqableḍ uma d nekk ulac ! |
| neɣ | |
| niɣ | |
| nnaqal, nniqal | |
| ugar | |
| (wa)lakin | |
| wannag, wamag | |
| waqila | |
| yak | |
| yerna | |
| ziɣ, ziɣen, ziɣemma, ziɣenni | ḥesbeɣ ad yeṭṭef deg wawal-is, ziɣenni d axeddaɛ |
| zuni, zunik | zuni mṣalaḥen, ufudenni yennulfa-d d lekdeb |
| ɛni(ɣ) | imi tɣesbeḍ akka, ɛni ad inigeḍ |
Tizelɣiwin n usentel (Conjonctions de subordination)
| tazelɣa usentel | amedya |
|---|---|
| akken, seg wakken | |
| akken, i wakken, bac, bac akken | |
| akter | |
| amzun | |
| aqell | |
| ar | |
| ar asmi | |
| ar, ar d | |
| armi, alarmi, alammi | ur d-yi-yettali wawal alamma sliɣ-ak-d |
| axaṭer, ɛlaxaṭer | |
| belli | |
| imi | |
| lemmer, limmer, lammer, mer | |
| lukan | |
| mi akken | |
| ma ulac | |
| ma | |
| mi, mti, asmi | |
| segmi, seg wasmi | segmi yeǧǧa tameṭṭut-is ur yufi rray-is |
| siwa ma, ala ma, ḥaca ma | |
| umbeɛd | |
| uqbel | uqbel ara tmeslayeḍ wzen lehdur-ik |
| xas, ɣas, ɣas ma |
Ameskan « d »
Tazelɣa n usiwel (particule d’appel)
Amedya :
d amcic
welleh ar
d netta
welleh ma
d netta
Tamawt :
Ur ilaq ara ad nessexleḍ ger umeskan d yakk d tzelɣiwin-agi :
- tazelɣa n tnila d
- tanzeɣt d
- tazelɣa i nesseqdac tikwal uqbel wemyag d umaɣun, ama deffir n ur neɣ i
Amedya :
d as-nniɣ ara
netta i
d as-yennan
Prédicatifs
ulanda
ulansi
ulayɣer
ulamek
berka
kifkif
mazal
fiḥel
d ir
d lɛali
Interpellatifs
arwaḥ, arwaḥe(w)t, ...
ɣur-k, ɣur-m, ...
ttxil-k, ttxil-m, ...